{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2019-25781", "assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "VulnCheck", "dateReserved": "2026-10-29T11:51:49.648Z", "datePublished": "2026-10-29T13:08:49.597Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-29T13:08:49.597Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10", "shortName": "VulnCheck", "dateUpdated": "2026-10-29T13:08:49.597Z"}, "datePublic": "2019-03-06T00:00:00.000Z", "title": "Python-Markdown 3.0 through 3.11.2 Denial of Service via Link Bracket Parsing", "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Python-Markdown 3.0 through 3.11.2 contains an algorithmic complexity vulnerability in inline link parsing that allows remote attackers to exhaust CPU through unmatched brackets. Attackers can submit short Markdown containing repeated [ or ![ characters, forcing LinkInlineProcessor.getText() and getLink() into quadratic scans that keep workers busy for minutes."}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "description": "Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity", "cweId": "CWE-407", "type": "CWE"}]}], "affected": [{"vendor": "Python-Markdown", "product": "Markdown", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "packageURL": "pkg:pypi/markdown", "versions": [{"version": "3.0", "lessThanOrEqual": "3.11.2", "status": "affected", "versionType": "custom"}], "repo": "https://github.com/Python-Markdown/markdown"}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:python-markdown2_project:python-markdown2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "3.0", "versionEndIncluding": "3.11.2"}]}]}], "metrics": [{"format": "CVSS", "cvssV4_0": {"version": "4.0", "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackRequirements": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH", "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE", "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE", "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE", "baseScore": 8.7, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}}, {"format": "CVSS", "cvssV3_1": {"version": "3.1", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "attackVector": "NETWORK", "attackComplexity": "LOW", "privilegesRequired": "NONE", "userInteraction": "NONE", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 7.5, "baseSeverity": "HIGH"}}], "references": [{"url": "https://github.com/Python-Markdown/markdown/issues/798", "tags": ["issue-tracking"], "name": "GitHub Issue #798"}, {"url": "https://github.com/Python-Markdown/markdown", "tags": ["product"]}, {"url": "https://github.com/Python-Markdown/markdown/issues/1654", "tags": ["issue-tracking"], "name": "GitHub Issue #1654"}, {"url": "https://github.com/Python-Markdown/markdown/blob/b41e0aaf1181f1a8cb200cf5a815aad7c0020d23/markdown/inlinepatterns.py#L1155-L1172", "tags": ["technical-description"]}, {"name": "VulnCheck Advisory: Python-Markdown 3.0 through 3.11.2 Denial of Service via Link Bracket Parsing", "tags": ["third-party-advisory"], "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/python-markdown-3.0-through-3.11.2-denial-of-service-via-link-bracket-parsing"}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Anders Kaseorg", "type": "finder"}, {"lang": "en", "value": "Muhammadyusuf Dilmurodov (agrresore)", "type": "finder"}], "x_generator": {"engine": "vulncheck-endgame"}}}}

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